Handbook For Management Terminology

A, B ,C 

1. *Accountability*: The obligation of an individual or organization to account for its activities, accept responsibility for them, and disclose the results in a transparent manner.

2. *Action Plan*: A detailed strategy outlining the steps necessary to achieve a specific goal. It includes timelines, resources needed, and responsible parties.

3. *Activity-Based Costing (ABC)*: A costing methodology that assigns costs to products and services based on the resources they consume. It helps identify high overhead costs per unit and improve profitability.

4. *Agile Management*: A project management approach that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, rapid delivery, and continuous improvement. It is often used in software development.

5. *Annual Report*: A comprehensive report on a company's activities throughout the preceding year, intended to give shareholders and other interested parties information about the company's financial performance.

6. *Appraisal*: A systematic evaluation of an employee's performance and productivity, often used to determine promotions, salary adjustments, and training needs.

7. *Asset Management*: The systematic process of developing, operating, maintaining, upgrading, and disposing of assets in the most cost-effective manner, including all costs, risks, and performance attributes.

8. *Autocratic Leadership*: A leadership style where the leader makes decisions unilaterally, and expects subordinates to follow without input or questioning. It can be effective in crisis situations but may stifle creativity and morale.

9. *Authority*: The power or right granted to a manager to make decisions, give orders, and allocate resources. Authority is essential for effective management.

10. *Balanced Scorecard*: A strategic planning and management system used to align business activities to the vision and strategy of the organization by monitoring performance against strategic goals.

11. *Benchmarking*: The process of comparing one's business processes and performance metrics to industry bests or best practices from other companies to identify areas for improvement.

12. *Brainstorming*: A group creativity technique designed to generate a large number of ideas for the solution to a problem. It encourages open and unrestricted discussion.

13. *Brand Management*: The analysis and planning on how a brand is perceived in the market. Developing a good relationship with the target market is essential for brand management.

14. *Break-even Analysis*: A financial calculation to determine the number of products or services a company must sell to cover its costs. This analysis helps in setting sales targets and pricing strategies.

15. *Budgeting*: The process of creating a plan to spend your money. This spending plan is called a budget. Budgeting ensures that there will be enough resources to achieve the company’s goals.

16. *Business Continuity Planning (BCP)*: The process involved in creating a system of prevention and recovery from potential threats to a company. The plan ensures that personnel and assets are protected and can function quickly in the event of a disaster.

17. *Change Management*: A systematic approach to dealing with the transition or transformation of an organization's goals, processes, or technologies. The purpose is to implement strategies for effecting change, controlling change, and helping people to adapt to change.

18. *Customer Relationship Management (CRM)*: A technology for managing all your company's relationships and interactions with current and potential customers. The goal is to improve business relationships.

19. *Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)*: A self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable—to itself, its stakeholders, and the public. By practicing CSR, companies can be conscious of the kind of impact they are having on all aspects of society.

20. *Critical Path Method (CPM)*: A project modeling technique developed in the late 1950s. CPM is used to schedule project activities, and it identifies the longest stretch of dependent activities and measures the time required to complete them from start to finish.