Preface
Several workshops have been organized from time to time by the Tribal Research and Development Institute, Bhopal. In this series, a traditional tribal bamboo craft workshop was organized at the institute from 26 to 28 July. In the workshop, 30 bamboo craftsmen from Gond, Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Gond Dhuliya tribes from the tribal areas of Madhya Pradesh participated and made many traditional items. The institute has made an effort to compile the utility and other information of these items and give it the form of a book.
Bamboo is being used extensively not only in India but all over the world. Bamboo is a part of the life of common people. Be it home, family, social customs or behaviour, it has been used since ancient times. Even today the importance of bamboo has not decreased, in fact, if seen, the daily life of rural people and especially tribals cannot function without it. In a way, bamboo is the backbone of their life.
A lot of effort has been made to make this book useful by giving it an attractive look and beautiful pictures of craftsmen and craftsmanship. I am sure that the publication of this book will prove helpful in fulfilling the purpose of the organization. With best wishes.
(Premchand Meena) I.A.S. Director Tribal Research and Development Institute Bhopal Madhya Pradesh
Introduction
The Tribal Research and Development Institute, Bhopal, through various seminars and workshops, continuously works to preserve and promote tribal languages, dialects, customs, culture and traditions. The important work of the organization also includes the documentation of tribal culture, traditions and crafts. Tribals make almost all the things they need themselves. With the aim of getting acquainted with their art, skill and ability, a traditional bamboo craft workshop was organized. Tribal artists from Dindori, Anuppur, Chhindwara, Barwani and Dhar participated in it and made various traditional things!
The main feature of India is its aesthetic vision and artistry. The human mind has been a lover of beauty and art since ancient times, creativity is its natural quality. This is the reason why many types of arts were born, developed and flourished all over India. The tribal community obtains the things of their need from nature and when those things decompose, they dissolve in the soil without causing any harm to the environment. This is the specialty of these things. It is environment friendly, artistic, and also a health protector. These handmade things made with the help of small tools are known as handicrafts
These items have special importance not only in religious and cultural matters but also in everyday tasks. This is the reason why items made of bamboo have always been included in the tribal community living in the company of nature in remote forest areas since time immemorial. Their need remains even today. According to their needs, they use bamboo for making household utensils, agricultural equipment, materials for religious cultural traditions and customs and also as food items. Understanding the importance of bamboo craft in their lives, the organization organized a three-day traditional tribal bamboo craft workshop between 26 and 28 July 2018. The objective of this workshop was to know, understand and compile the journey from cutting of bamboo to making the object. Keeping this in mind, an attempt was made to prepare it in the form of a book.
In this work, the guidance of the then Director of the institute, Mr. S.N. Mishra Sir was paramount! This was possible due to the guidelines given from time to time by Joint Director Mr. Nitiraj Singh and Research Officer Mrs. Madhu Gupta. The cooperation of Assistant Statistical Officer Mrs. Sarika Dholpuria was received in the workshop. The work of photography was done by Mr. Keshav Thakur of the institute. Mr. Raj Kumar Patel of R.K. Graphics played an important role in giving a beautiful look to the book along with the cover page design.
Hence, with everyone's support, a book based on traditional tribal bamboo crafts could take shape. It is hoped that this publication of the institute will prove useful and meaningful.
Dr. Madhuri Yadav
Assistant Research Officer
Tribal Research and Development Institute, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
Sequence
Sl. No. Description Page No.
1 Tribal Life and Bamboo
2 Traditional Tribal Bamboo Craft Workshop (Date 26th July to 28th July 2018)
3 Details of Participants in Bamboo Craft Workshop
4 List of Items Made by the Artisans in Bamboo Craft Workshop
5 Traditional Bamboo Items and its Description
6 Process of Shaping of Bamboo
7 Photographs
Tribal life and bamboo
India holds the second position in the world in the field of bamboo production. Bamboo is also available in abundance in Madhya Pradesh. High quality bamboo is found in the Balaghat district of the state. Tribal life is connected with bamboo and urban society is also connected with bamboo for its entire life. Bamboo is included everywhere in many religious rituals, festivals, daily use items, songs, music and folk tales.
Bamboo is a plant (grass) that is easily available in abundance. Many species of bamboo are found all over India! Tribal communities identify bamboo on the basis of traditional knowledge and use it to make various household items, musical instruments, artistic items and many types of items for religious rituals. Clumps of bamboo have been visible near homes and villages since time immemorial. Along with enhancing the natural beauty of homes, they also maintain environmental balance by doing a commendable job of preventing soil erosion.
Bamboo is known by different names in different languages like Vansh or Venu in Sanskrit, Vansh or Venu in Bengali, Baans in Hindi, Gujarati: Baans, Velu, Bamboo, Maanagaa and Chinva in Marathi, Bidiru, Gala or Eele in Karnataka, Kachakai in Telugu, Mungil in Tamil, Mungil in Malayalam, Bamboo, Saval Geris in Latin and Bamboo in English.
Bamboo is nature's priceless gift to man. Considering its multifaceted uses, it is called the green gold of forests. It is found all over the world up to a height of 7000 meters above sea level. More than 75 species of bamboo and more than 1200 subspecies are found all over the world. 114 species of bamboo are found in India. Bamboo is found everywhere in our country except the Kashmir valley. In India, bamboo is spread over about 0.10 lakh square kilometers, which yields 4.50 lakh tons of production!
(Article by Shri Rajesh Koshal, O.P. Chaturvedi and Amberiya Tiwari, Source: Central Soil and Water Conservation, Research and Training Institute Research Centre, Dehradun, Uttarakhand)
The utility of bamboo is more in maintaining natural balance than in household items and artistic items. Playing the role of an environmental friend, bamboo also increases the fertility of the soil. Playing an important role in the development of our economy, it also gives direction to the development of rural economy in the field of small, cottage and handicraft industries.
Bamboo is a flowering, epiphytic, yucca plant of the Poaceae family. It is the fastest growing woody plant on earth and the longest grass. Its stem is straight and hollow from inside. There are many nodes on the stem. Due to its tall stature and strength, it is useful in many works. Bamboo is being used in urban and rural communities for centuries. Bamboo and wooden toys are the center of attraction in childhood, in youth the sweet tune of the flute and the household artistic objects made from it attract the most. As the age increases, the support of man's old age starts coming from wood (kubdi) and when the person departs for the last journey, even then the bier is decorated with bamboo. Bamboo is also used in last rites. People of lower and middle class use bamboo in their houses, whereas people of upper class try to make the house beautiful with decorative items. Commercially, bamboo furniture is being made in large quantities .Importance of Bamboo
Use in various rites and religious rituals
Bamboo has been used in religious rituals by people of every community since ancient times. Small baskets made of bamboo are used in worship and rituals during festivals like Hartalika Teej (Teeja Vrat), Bhujali, Harchat etc. On the occasion of Navratri, big baskets are used for sowing Jaware and keeping Puri during Devi Puja. It is also used as an incense stick which is lit daily in most of the houses! Bamboo is used to make Mandap in marriage rituals. Jhaapi (basket with lid) made of bamboo is also used to keep clothes, jewellery and makeup items of the bride and groom. Beds (for carrying the dead to the crematorium) are made from bamboo. On the occasion of birth, a bamboo swing (cradle) is made for children. Supa made from bamboo is not only used for threshing grains but is also used in rites like marriage, birth etc. performed in urban and rural communities.
The single pole Baigai Supali made of bamboo is used in exorcism, witchcraft and worship in the tribal community
Use as musical instruments
Bamboo has special importance in tribal dance music. Many types of musical instruments are made from bamboo all over India. It is an important part of folk music and various folk arts. Tribal dance "Thathiya" which is performed on the occasion of Diwali. In this dance, groups of dancers dance in rhythm while playing 3 to 4 feet bamboo flutes. The sweet sound coming from a large bamboo flute together attracts people easily. Similarly, flutes made from bamboo are used as instruments in dance music in all tribes like Gond, Baiga, Bharia, Korku etc.
Use as a toy
Many types of game tools are made from bamboo. Such as: Gadi, Killo, Gilly Danda, Gulam Danda game, kite, toy bell cart, danda used in Bhujaria, attractive sticks of party, colorful dandeva of Garba dance, sticks for rotating Banethi, Ghunghuna for playing etc. In the month of Sawan, swings tied to the branches of trees are made using bamboo in every village.
Bamboo is also used as a weapon. In tribal communities like Bhil, bows and arrows are made from bamboo. It is also used in many other weapons like spear, lance, axe etc.
As hunting equipment
Various types of traps and nets for hunting are made from bamboo. Example: Fish trap, rabbit trap etc.
Use for house construction
Bamboo is used for building construction because bamboo remains safe for a long time. Many types of furniture are also made from bamboo for interior decoration, which are environmentally friendly and lightweight and beautiful.
Many types of artistic objects like wall hangings, flower pots, photo frames etc. are made from bamboo. Bamboo decorative items are more visible in urban society.
Bamboo based industry: Items of everyday use are made in large quantities from bamboo. These items are sold immediately in the market. It is also a means of livelihood for tribal people. During rainy season, it is difficult to do agricultural work or collect forest produce. The rural community prepares bamboo items at home and sells them in the market. This provides them employment.
Bamboo is being used as medicine and building wood since ancient times. It is heavy as well as strong. Due to this feature, it is useful for building construction in seismic areas. In India, bamboo is used the most in the paper industry. Agarbatti, toothpick, chopstick etc. are made from bamboo. Ice cream sticks, caps, baskets, fans, toys, many types of flutes are made from bamboo. Bamboo is also used in pencils. Thus, it is important as a small, cottage industry.
Medicinal importance of bamboo: Bamboo has medicinal importance too. It is used in many Ayurvedic medicines. Banshlochan obtained from bamboo has special importance in Ayurveda. Its use cures diseases like Vata, Pitta, Kapha, Chhaya, Jaundice etc. Bamboo leaves are also used as medicine. Bamboo roots make the body disease free. Bamboo shoots contain protein, vitamin E, vitamin B6, calcium, nutrients and minerals like magnesium, sodium, zinc, copper, iron, potassium, phosphorus, selenium. Apart from this, 19 types of amino acids are also found in bamboo, which are beneficial for health.
Use as food: The underground tuber (rhizome) in the bamboo root is called bamboo shoot. It comes out in rainy season and is cut as soon as it appears on the surface. It is eaten fresh and for long term storage, pickles, muramba etc. are made. Its vegetable is made by the people of Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Gond and Baiga tribes.
Use as agricultural equipment: Many equipments made from bamboo are used in agriculture. Equipments for sowing grains, equipment for tying the mouth of oxen, sprinkler for spreading cow dung, toppler for feeding animals, seed shovel, sickle, scythe, plough, axe, bullock cart etc. are many things made from bamboo.
Items of daily use
Many items are in use in tribal homes which are made from bamboo. Topi for keeping roti, basket with lid for keeping cosmetics, hook for hanging clothes, scaffold for keeping things, cradle for children, knife handle, chaatwa, spoon, spoon for giving medicine to animals, chomal (chumli) hand fan, sieve for keeping things, ladle for plucking fruits, broom, basket, etc. many household useful items are made from bamboo.
Environment and Bamboo
Bamboo is environment friendly. It is known as a fast growing grass. It grows in about 3 to 5 years and can be cut and used in many ways. After cutting the bamboo, it starts growing again. It does not get destroyed and sprouts again after cutting.
Bamboo plays an important role in environmental protection. It binds the upper layer of the soil strongly. The bamboo plant has a good ability to absorb carbon dioxide. Its thickets reduce the intensity of light, due to which the natural moisture of the earth remains. It makes barren land fertile.
Thus bamboo is the stick of the poor, the green gold of the forests and a charitable grass for the entire human community, it is also a life giver and a major source of livelihood. There is hardly any aspect in Indian life that is untouched by bamboo. The importance of bamboo in religious rituals, festivals, songs, music, dance, daily household items as well as in the basic needs of human life like food, clothing and housing is well known. It would not be an exaggeration to say that bamboo is the only plant in the plant kingdom which has various uses, whether it is medicine or food, use in building construction or in making household items, as musical instruments or in making weapons. It can be said about it that "Without bamboo everything is useless". Considering the utility and importance of bamboo, its various species should be protected and preserved. Along with protecting the environment, efforts should also be made to make it a means of livelihood in the rural community. Efforts are also required to make bamboo useful as a green engineering material in the manufacture of agricultural equipment.
Traditional Tribal Bamboo Craft Workshop
(Date 26 July to 28 July 2018)
Janjaatiya Anusandhan Evam Vikas Sansthan, Bhopal is committed to preserve and promote tribal dialect, songs, music, traditional arts and crafts. Along with research and training programs, the institute also organizes workshops and seminars. In this sequence, "Traditional Tribal Bamboo Craft Workshop" was organized in the training building of the institute from 26 July to 28 July 2018!
30 participants from various districts like Barwani, Dhar, Dindori, Anuppur, Ujjain and Chhindwara participated in the three day workshop. 6 artists of Barela tribe from Piprani, Alakhad village of Barwani were present. They made Muti (grain container), Mudia (fish trap), Tupli (bread basket), Muhka (vessel for household use), Kanja (grain container), Dandali (bow and arrow).
Three participants from Dhar district and two participants from Ujjain district participated. Bhil and Bhilala tribal artists made spoons, fans, topi, bolni (clothes and decorations kept on the occasion of marriage), show pieces, daali, wall hangings etc.
Six participants from the Gond tribe from Dindori participated. They made things like fans, jhanjha (covered container for keeping hens and roosters), flower vases, baskets for plucking flowers, chhapi (small, big) (in which the bride's adornments, clothes and jewellery are kept), supli (small basket), one-peg bagai supli, kothi (container for keeping grains), chhitva (container for drying papads, badi), firkani, ghunghuna (toy), parra (used in the ritual of applying turmeric by placing it at the bride's feet), duthi (container for keeping fish), tukna (container for keeping grains and also in which things are sent at the time of the daughter's departure) etc.
Various traditional items were made in a three day workshop by 5 artists of Gond Dhuliya tribe from Anuppur district. Their team made Sikosi (shringar dani), Machla (vessel for keeping paan), Soopa, Soopli (small sieve used for cleaning small quantity of grains), Bijna (fan), Ghunghuna (toy), Mora (vessel for throwing water), Khirnai (sieve for washing wheat), Churki (a set of 6 Churkis, used during the fast of Har Chhath), Khujlaiya Churki, Kamandal (vessel for plucking flowers), Balti (used for keeping vegetables and fruits), Gobraiya (vessel for throwing cow dung), Bijboni (vessel for sowing seeds), Pansari (vessel for keeping large quantity of paan on the occasion of marriage) etc
Charga (vessel for picking Mahua), Kumna (fishing trap), Muska (device for tying on the mouth of cattle), Koodo (grain measuring vessel), Ghiri (device for keeping pot), Jhatkada (vessel for keeping straw etc.), mats etc. were made in the traditional tribal bamboo craft workshop by eight tribal artists from Chhindwara.
All the tribal artists who came to the institute have made traditional items by attending the workshop so that if this workshop is held for a longer period in future, the work can be given a more beautiful look.
Mr. Shivprasad Dhurve, bamboo craftsman who came from Anuppur district as the team in-charge, has requested that all the artists should be introduced to the bamboo artistic items currently in vogue through bamboo artistic items exhibition, tribal museum or bamboo mission. So that all the artists will be able to make similar equipments just by looking at those items.
Guidance and consultation should also be provided by the institute to provide market for traditional items made from bamboo so that it can help in employment and livelihood.
The institute will try to provide market along with training to these craftsmen in future.
Details of participants in Bamboo Craft Workshop
1 Mrs. Hasya Kumari Maravi Village _ Medhakhar Tehsil _ Bajag, District _ Dindori (Madhya Pradesh)
2 Mrs. Brijkumari Dhurve
3 Mr. Ramesh Maravi
4 Mrs. Janakibai Dhurve
5 Mr. Dhansingh Dhurve
6 Mr. Lekhpal Dhurve
7 Mr. Shivprasad Dhurve Village _ Bijapuri, Tehsil Pushparajgarh, District Anuppur (Madhya Pradesh)
8 Mr. Lamulal Dhurve
9 Mrs. Gomtibai Dhurve
10 Mrs. Jayamati Bai Masram
11 Mrs. Girnia Bai
12 Mrs. Sandhya Bai Village Baki, Tehsil Kukshi, District Dhar, Madhya Pradesh
13 Mrs. Jatani Bai Solanki
14 Mr. Ravi Chavda Village _ Jaisinghpura, Tehsil Ujjain, District Ujjain (Madhya Pradesh)
15 Mr. Shobharam Village Khedi, Tehsil _ Garhwani, District _ Dhar ( Madhya Pradesh)
16 Mr. Madan Solanki Village _Baki Tehsil Kukshi, District Dhar Madhya Pradesh
17 Mr. Dilip Patel Village Piprani, Tehsil Pansemal, District Barwani ( Madhya Pradesh)
18 Mr. Bablu Barde Village Alakhd Tehsil Pansemal, District Barwani ( Madhya Pradesh)
19 Mr. Naval Singh Patel
20 Mr. Anaajya Dhanan
21 Mr. Dhanji Solanki
22 Mr. Lal Singh Padkya
23 Mr. Raju Singh Kayada Village _ Mankughati, Tehsil _ Junnardev, District Chhindwara ( Madhya Pradesh)
24 Mr. Jittu Lobo
25 Mr. Munna Rajbhopa
26 Mr. Sumerlal Baithe
27 Mr. Machal Darshama
28 Mr. Bisnu Lobo
29 Mr. Shivlal Lobo
30 Mr. Sumer Lal Pachalia Village _ Singhauli Tehsil Tamia, District Chhindwara ( Madhya Pradesh)
List of items produced by the artisans present in the bamboo craft workshop
District : Dhar/Ujjain
Serial No. Item Name No. Use
01. Bolni 01 is used during marriage
02 Daliya 02 is used for keeping paan/stuff
03 Topli (Tokni) 01 is used for keeping roti (bread)
04 Tongi (small basket) 01 is used for sowing Jawar
05 Mochke (tool for tying the mouth of bulls) 02 is tied on the mouth of bulls so that they do not eat the crop
06 Wall hanging 01 for decoration
07 Dabli (basket with lid) 01 is used for keeping roti/stuff
08 Soopda (spoon) 02 is used for winnowing the grain
09 Bijna (fan) 03 for providing air
10 Wall hanging (jali) 02 showpiece (for decoration)
11 Tengdi 01 is used to hide the face of the bride
12 Dhakna (lid) 01 is used to cover the stuff
District: Dindori
01 Bijna 03 pieces for fanning
02 Jhampi makeup basket 01 piece for keeping makeup items
03 Jhampi big makeup basket 01 piece for keeping bridal items (for keeping clothes, jewellery etc.)
04 Firkani (Chakri) 01 piece children's toy
05 Mora (tokni with handle) 01 piece for picking Mahua
06 Baidani Supela (one corner sieve) 01 piece for exorcising
07 Para/Parra 01 piece for keeping bride's feet while applying oil in marriage
08 Dhuthi 01 piece vessel for keeping fish
09 Jhunjhuna (Ghunghuna) 02 pieces children's toy
10 Soupa 01 piece. For winnowing the grains
11 Gundri, Chomal 02 pieces for keeping under the pot above the head
12 Kamandal (with handle) 01 piece for keeping flowers
13 Pachrahi (token) 01 piece for keeping things during the marriage of a girl
14 Jhajha 01 piece for covering hen and chicken
15 Chhitva 01 piece for drying papad, badi etc.
16 Kothi 01 piece for keeping grains
District: Anuppur
01 Harchat Churki (Small Tokni) 06 pieces for use in Harchat fasting
02 Sonahi (Kamandal) 01 piece for keeping flowers
03 Jawara Dol Kalasa (Flower Can) 01 piece for keeping flowers
04 Beej Soni (Tokni) 01 piece for keeping paddy at the time of sowing
05 Gobarahi/Gabarahi (for throwing cow dung) 01 piece for filling cow dung and throwing
06 Pansari (Tokni with lid) 01 piece
For keeping large quantity of paan at the time of marriage
07 Sikosi (Tokni) with lid 01 piece for keeping makeup items
08 Khujlu (Big Tokni) 01 piece for sowing Jawara
09 Small Tokni 01 piece for sowing Jawara (Bhujaria)
10 Chhitva 01 piece for keeping paan, flower, coconut, bel patra prasad in Hartalika fast
11 Khirnaiya/Khirnahi (Tokni) 02 pieces for washing grains like wheat etc.
12 Bucket 01 piece for worship material
13 Jhunjhuna (Ghunghuna) 02 pieces for toy (children's toy)
14 Bijna 02 fans
15 Supli/Soupa 01 piece for cleaning wheat/rice
16 Paseni 01 piece for using rice for grinding
17 Tokni 01 piece for keeping vegetables
18 Lid 01 piece for covering water or other material
District: Barwani
01 Mudya (Fish Trap) 01 piece for catching fish
02 Muti (House) 01 piece for storing grains
03 Hika (Sika/Chhika) 01 piece for hanging milk, curd pot
04 Muhka (Topla/Dala) 02 pieces for storing goods, utensils etc.
05 Kotha (Big House) 01 piece for storing straw etc.
06 Tupalee (Small Basket) 01 piece for storing roti
07 Dadli (Bow and Arrow) 01 piece for hunting weapon)
District: Chhindwara (Tamia)
01 Ghiri/Merdi (Ring) 02 pieces for keeping Matka/Kasedi
02 Kumna (Fish Trap) 01 piece for catching fish
03 Mochka (Token) 01 for other use
04 Churki (with handle) 01 piece for picking Mahua
05 Chargha/Charanga (with handle) 01 piece for picking Mahua
06 Dhulli (with handle) 01 piece for picking Mahua
07 Daliya (Token) 03 pieces for keeping goods/agricultural work
08 Daala (Big Token) 02 pieces for keeping goods
09 Palna (Swing) 01 piece for putting children to sleep
10 Kudo 01 piece for measuring grains
11 Tatya (Bamboo Mat) 01 For sitting
12Chitva( basket) 01 piece Use for keeping Goods
13 Goiya (Basket) 01 piece for use in agricultural work
( 1)Bolni:
Bolni is a basket with a beautiful and artistic lid. It is carried by the Bhil, Bhilala, Barela tribes of Dhar district on the occasion of marriage by placing the clothes and ornaments of the bride and groom in it. It is very attractive and is made in different shapes as per the requirement. It is made by the artists of Bhilala and Bhil tribes from Dhar district.
(9) Mudya/Mudiya: The craftsmen of Barela tribe from Barwani district made Mudya/Mudiya i.e. fish trap. Kumna/Kumni is also made from bamboo for fishing in Gond and Baiga tribes. It is made from thin bamboo sticks. Its diameter is about one foot and length is two to two and a half feet. The mouth is tied with a cotton thread or a thin nylon rope. Generally, fishes are caught with it in shallow water. The people of Barela tribe call it Mudya/Mudiya and Baiga and Gond call it Kumna/Kumni.
(10) Supa (Supada): "Supa" holds special importance not only in tribal society but in all communities. Apart from being a useful household item, Supa is also used in religious ceremonies and various rites. People of almost all tribes weave the Supa in their own beautiful way and then paint it with colours. It has been prepared by artists of Bhil and Bhilala tribes. Supa or Supada is often used to clean grains.
(11) Dhuti/ Dutti: Dhuti/ Dutti was made by a team of craftsmen from the Dhuliya tribe from Dindori. It is a small sized purse-like artistic and attractive basket. It looks triangular in shape. People from Gond, Bhil, Baiga, Korku communities go fishing on the river bank and use dhuti/ dutti to bring home whatever fish they find there. To make it convenient, a handle made of bamboo is attached to it.
(13) Mora/Moda: In the tribal community, along with collecting forest produce, the work of picking flowers is also done on various festivals. Mora is a vessel made of bamboo which is used to collect Mahua. It also has a bamboo handle for holding. It has the facility of collecting and bringing forest produce.
(17) Goiya _
(18) JaaliNuma Khidaki ( Lattice window): Tribal craftsmen from Dhar have prepared lattice window using bamboo strips for wall decoration. In earlier times, windows for houses in villages were made in the same design.
(21) Jhula (Swing): Swing or cradle for putting the child to sleep was made by the tribal artists of Chhindwara. It is made in almost all the tribal communities. Cradle/swing is made as per the requirement for children from newborn to two to three years old.
(22) Anaaj kothi(Grain Storage): Grain storage has been prepared by the team from Dindori. It is made by weaving net like bamboo strips. The specialty of grain storage is that it has a small window through which grains can be taken out easily. This structure made of bamboo is plastered with cow dung and soil. It is made by almost all the tribal communities. There is only a little difference in its size, height, length and width.
(23) Gudri (Chomal): Gudri (Chomal) is made by the team of Dindori. It is made by beautiful weaving of bamboo. Apart from carrying any heavy object, Gudri is also used by tribal people and village community to keep pots etc. in the house.
(24) Bijna: Bijna is a multipurpose utensil made of bamboo. It is also called a fan. There is a trend of making handmade fans not only in the country but also abroad. The only difference is that their size, type, manufacturing material and method of making is different.
(27) Jhaanjha: Poultry farming is common in tribal communities. A special container made of bamboo is used to cover the chickens. In Gond, Dhuliya tribe it is called "Jhanjha". In Korku tribe it is called "Dhabli". It is made in the shape of a bran by weaving thin bamboo strips at a distance. Its weaving is special. It is closed from three sides, a small portion is open from one side which is for the chicken to come and go.
(28)Mochke/Mochka:
l( 29) Tengdi: Fan-shaped Tengdi is used on the occasion of marriage to hide the face of the bride and groom. Its weaving is similar to that of a bijna (fan), the only difference is that it does not rotate in a circular manner like a fan but is held in both hands by two bamboo pieces to cover the face of the groom and the bride! It is made by the tribal artists of Dhar!
(32) Sikosi:
(33)Topli:
(34) Small Tokni:
(35) Dhadhli:
(38)Basket: (Daliyaa)
(39)Grocer: (Pansaari)
bamboo shaping process
(2) Dabli:
Dabli is a basket with lid made by the artists of Bhil - Bhilala tribe. It is used to keep any food item or roti along with other essential items. People use it as per their requirement. Like snake charmers keep snakes in this dabli, housewives keep food items or roti.
(3)Jhaampi (small and big):
Two sizes of Jhaampi were made by the artists of Dhuliya tribe from Dindori district. The small size Jhaampi contains makeup items. The big size Jhaampi contains the bride's clothes, jewellery etc.
(4) Khirnaiya (Tokni):
Khirnaiya is an attractive tokni made of fine weaving of bamboo. People of Gond, Baiga, Dhuliya, Pardhan tribes use it for washing grains. It is easy to wash grains with it, because it is fully equipped. Its weaving is done in such a way that the upper edge is bent inwards so that the water flows out from the fine holes of the fine weaving of bamboo and the grains do not fall out of the basket.
(5) Har Chhath Tokni:
The third day of Bhadra month is celebrated as Teej festival fast. The Nagar Samaj of the tribal community also celebrates this fast with devotion. In this puja, roasted grains are kept in six small bamboo toknis for worship. These six small toknis hold special significance in Har Chhath Puja. It has been made by the participants of Anuppur!
(6) Gabrahi - Animal husbandry is done by all, be it the urban community or the rural community. A medium-sized bamboo basket with special weaving is used to throw the dung of cows and buffaloes etc. It becomes stronger when cow dung is thrown in it every day. It was made in the workshop by the tribal bamboo craftsmen of the Dhuliya tribe. It is a very attractive and beautiful vessel!
(7)Tokni:
Tokni was made by tribal craftsmen of Anuppur. The specialty of this tokni is that it has a round stand at the bottom along with fine, beautiful weaving of bamboo. People of God, Baiga, etc. tribes use it to keep bhaji (green vegetables). It is made in a very scientific way. When the bhaji is washed with water, the water is easily drained and the bottom of the tokni does not get spoiled quickly.
(8) Lid (Dhakana )
: The artisans of the Dhuliya tribe have prepared a lid using bamboo weaving to cover a bucket filled with water. In their dialect, it is called "Dhakna". It is slightly raised from the middle and is artistic. It can also be used to cover any other vessel.
(12) Kamandal:
The craftsmen of Dindori have made a kamandal with a handle which is used to keep flowers in worship. It is very attractive and made of fine weaving with a stand at the bottom. Apart from flowers, it is sometimes used to keep other household items as well. Fine bamboo pieces have been painted and attractive designs have been made in between.
(14) Sonahi (Kamandal): The craftsmen of Anuppur made a kamandal for keeping flowers, which is called Sonahi (Kamandal) in this area. It also has a lid. With which any item can be kept safe. Apart from being useful for household purposes, it also plays the role of an environment friend. It is woven by preparing fine bamboo sticks. Its lid is also attached to its handle, so there is no problem of the lid rotating.
(15) Bucket: A bucket made of bamboo by the artists of the Dhuliya tribe of Anuppur looks similar to Sonahi (Kamandal). But it is used to keep puja material. Its making is slightly different from that of Sonahi (Kamandal).
(16) Supli (small winnowing basket) _
Small size winnowing basket for picking wheat and rice is called Supli. It is used to clean grains in almost all places. This is a beautiful bamboo weaving art made by the craftsmen of Dhuliya tribe of Anuppur.
Goiya is a basket with the help of which people of Bharia and Korku community carry sand and soil. It is prepared with the help of wide bamboo sticks. It is very strong.
(19) Charanga: Charanga, a vessel for collecting Mahua, has been made by the artists of Bharia tribe. It is a basket with a handle, which has been made in a strong structure using thick bamboo strips!
Charanga is called Chalgi in Baiga and Gond tribes. It is a basket with a handle made from thin bamboo strips. It is generally used for collecting Mahua and other forest produce.
(20) Wall Hangings: Tribal communities make various types of decorative items for home decoration, which are hung on the walls of the house. These wall hangings are used to keep various items of need such as oil cans, cosmetics etc.
(21) Jhula (Swing): Swing or cradle for putting the child to sleep was made by the tribal artists of Chhindwara. It is made in almost all the tribal communities. Cradle/swing is made as per the requirement for children from newborn to two to three years old.
(23) Gudri (Chomal): Gudri (Chomal) is made by the team of Dindori. It is made by beautiful weaving of bamboo. Apart from carrying any heavy object, Gudri is also used by tribal people and village community to keep pots etc. in the house.
In India, Bijnas are mostly made from bamboo splinters, which are not difficult to rotate. They are lightweight.
(25) Firkani: Many types of toys for children are made from bamboo. The artists of Dindori have prepared Firkani from bamboo splinters. Apart from being eco-friendly, it is also light and attractive in appearance.
(26)Chhitva:
In urban and rural communities, it is common to use Chhitva made of bamboo for storing papad, badi and green vegetables. Papad, badi and vegetables are dried in the sun on it, but its specialty is that the item dries on both the surfaces in it. Since air also circulates in the Chhitva made of bamboo weaving, the item does not get spoiled and gets moisture free quickly.
(28)Mochke/Mochka: The farming community performs various tasks in agriculture with the help of oxen. When the crop is ready and has grains in it, in such a situation, to prevent the oxen from eating the crop, Mochke/Mochka is tied on the mouth of the oxen. It is made of bamboo.
(27) Ghunghuna: Artists of Dindori have made a toy called Ghunghuna for small children. It is very beautiful, artistic and lightweight and this toy made of bamboo is completely safe for small children.
In urban areas, different types of toys which are mostly made of plastic are used the most. These toys made of plastic or fiber harm the environment. Harmful chemicals are used in their manufacture. It is also harmful for small children. In such a situation, toys made of bamboo by the tribal society are completely safe.
(28) Parra:
The importance of bamboo or bamboo products in various rituals of Gond, Baiga, Bhil, Korku, etc. tribal communities is well known. On the occasion of marriage, there is a tradition of placing the bride's feet on a Parra while applying oil to the bride. It is a circular vessel made of fine pieces. It is used by Gond, Dhuliya, etc. tribes.
Parra has been made in the workshop by the people of Dhuliya tribe from Dindori. It is very beautiful and artistic.
(30) Kothi/Muti: Artists of the Barela tribe from Barwani district have made Kothi/Muti made of bamboo for storing grains. It is heavy and has been prepared by a different type of weaving. Cow dung and clay are applied on this bamboo structure. Grains remain safe in Muti/Kothi for many years. Even today, such Muti (Kothi) is made in every house for storage in tribal areas.
(31)Khujlu:
Khujlu is a kind of basket which is used for sowing sprouts during worship. The size of Khujlu made by the artists of Dhuliya tribe is slightly bigger than the basket used for sowing sprouts on the occasion of Bhujaliyan. Spores are sown in Khujlu on the occasion of Devi Puja.
Sikosi (small basket with push button) was made by the artists of Dhuliya tribe of Anuppur. It is artistic as well as attractive. Since its size is small, makeup items are kept in it.
Toppli made of fine bamboo strips is used by the Bhil tribe to keep millet and maize roti. It has a stand at the bottom. Topli woven in a circular pattern is a commonly used item in all homes. It is made by tribal artists of Dhar.
There is a tradition of sowing Jawar on various fasts and festivals or on the occasion of Devi Puja. For sowing Jawar, small sized Tokni is made from fine bamboo sticks. Its specialty is its attractive weaving.
Bow and arrow have special importance in Bhil tribe. People of Barela tribe call it Dhadhli. Its specialty is that both arrow and bow are made of bamboo.
(36)Daliya:
The tribal artists of Chhindwara district have created Daliya, a vessel used for agricultural purposes and for storing goods. It is a vessel made in different sizes. Due to its maximum use, there is always a demand for Daliya in the markets
(37)Dalla:(Tokana)
Dalla is a vessel used for feeding straw to animals and for other agricultural purposes. It is used the most in the tribal community. Dallas are made in different sizes. It is in great demand in haat bazaars. It is made from green bamboo and is strong.
Participants from Dhar district prepared baskets for keeping paan and flowers. These are small sized baskets woven with fine bamboo weaving. These have both a handle and a lid. These are used so that the paan and flowers remain safe and fresh.
The lidded baskets used by the grocer were designed by the artists of the Dhuliya tribe of Anuppur. Small baskets are used in the tribal community to store small quantities of paan and large baskets are used to store large quantities of paan on occasions like marriage etc. These are often seen in the houses of Gond, Baiga, Dhuliya tribes.
(40) Paseni
While cooking rice, Paseni is used to remove excess water from the rice. It was prepared by tribal artists of Anuppur. Almost all tribes use Paseni made of bamboo to drain rice (remove excess water). It is prepared from fine bamboo sticks.
(41) Cover: (Dhakana)
Participants from Dhar made a cover by weaving bamboo finely. This can be used to cover any item.
(42) Pacharahi/ Pacharaiya:
Participants from district Dindori prepared Pacharahi. Pacharaiya is a vessel (tokni) made of bamboo in which utensils, grains etc. are kept and given to the bride on the occasion of marriage. People from the bride's side gift rice, thali, lota, gundi etc. to the bride in Pacharaiya. It is made in different shapes. Along with attractive bamboo weaving, fine bamboo kimchis are dyed in different colors. This makes it more artistic and beautiful.
(43) Chhitva:
Participants from Dhuliya tribe from Anuppur prepared Chhitva, a useful container for keeping puja material during Hartalika Vrat. Women go for puja by keeping coconut, bel leaves, flowers, betel leaves, prasad etc. in Chhitva. It has an artistic stand with a round shape at the bottom.
(44)Seed sowing: (Beej Boni)
Artists of Dhuliya tribe of Anuppur have designed a seed sowing basket useful in agriculture work. It is used to store paddy on the occasion of sowing seeds (paddy).
(45) Kumna:
Kumna for fishing was made by tribal artists of Chhindwara. Kumna is used by almost all the tribes to catch fish from shallow water. Its specialty lies in its design, fish go inside it with water, but cannot come out.
(46)Merdi:
Merdhi (Ghiri/Ring) is used as Matka/Kasedi stand. Merdi (Ring) is made by attractive weaving of bamboo upper peel! Merdi or Ghiri is made in almost all tribes, differences are found in the weaving of all tribal communities.
(47) Sika/Sika:
Sika (Chhika) is prepared by twisting fine bamboo fibres into a rope. Participants from Barwani have prepared it. In almost all the houses, milk, curd, ghee pots are hung in the chhikan to protect them from animals and birds. In this way, it is a useful item prepared as "Best from Waste"!
(48)Mat: (Chataai)
Mats are prepared by weaving the fine bamboo sticks in a square. It is used for sitting and sleeping by spreading it on the ground. It is used by all the tribal communities like Bhil, Korku etc. Sometimes instead of bamboo, mats are also prepared from date palm leaves or Chhind leaves.
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